Tuesday, July 24, 2012

Rough Study: The New in New Testament

Jesus is seen bringing and being the "new" fulfillment of much of the old covenant. He is the one who fulfilled Israel's mission and went way beyond:


Bringing a New Creation

We see John begin his gospel as if it were the beginning of a new creation story:

Genesis 1:1 “In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth”
John 1:1 “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2 He was with God in the beginning. 3 Through him all things were made; without him nothing was made that has been made. 4 In him was life, and that life was the light of men. 5 The light shines in the darkness, but the darkness has not understood it.

John 1:14 The Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us. We have seen his glory, the glory of the One and Only, who came from the Father, full of grace and truth.

2 Corinthians 5:17
Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; the old has gone, the new has come!

Ephesians 2:15
by abolishing in his flesh the law with its commandments and regulations. His purpose was to create in himself one new man out of the two, thus making peace,

The New Adam

Jesus is also described as the man who is wholly unlike Adam, who brings the reversal of what Adam brought. Death came through one man, Adam, but life and salvation through one man, Christ.

Romans 5:12 Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, and in this way death came to all men, because all sinned — 13 for before the law was given, sin was in the world. But sin is not taken into account when there is no law. 14 Nevertheless, death reigned from the time of Adam to the time of Moses, even over those who did not sin by breaking a command, as did Adam, who was a pattern of the one to come.

15 But the gift is not like the trespass. For if the many died by the trespass of the one man, how much more did God’s grace and the gift that came by the grace of the one man, Jesus Christ, overflow to the many! 16 Again, the gift of God is not like the result of the one man’s sin: The judgment followed one sin and brought condemnation, but the gift followed many trespasses and brought justification. 17 For if, by the trespass of the one man, death reigned through that one man, how much more will those who receive God’s abundant provision of grace and of the gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man, Jesus Christ.

18 Consequently, just as the result of one trespass was condemnation for all men, so also the result of one act of righteousness was justification that brings life for all men. 19 For just as through the disobedience of the one man the many were made sinners, so also through the obedience of the one man the many will be made righteous.

20 The law was added so that the trespass might increase. But where sin increased, grace increased all the more, 21 so that, just as sin reigned in death, so also grace might reign through righteousness to bring eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
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1 Cor 15:44b If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body. 45 So it is written: “The first man Adam became a living being”; the last Adam,  a life-giving spirit. 46 The spiritual did not come first, but the natural, and after that the spiritual. 47 The first man was of the dust of the earth, the second man from heaven. 48 As was the earthly man, so are those who are of the earth; and as is the man from heaven, so also are those who are of heaven. 49 And just as we have borne the likeness of the earthly man, so shall we bear the likeness of the man from heaven.

50 I declare to you, brothers, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God, nor does the perishable inherit the imperishable.

The New Flood and the New Noah

Jesus is also the cleansing flood that cleans the earth of its evil. And in Himself He saves men from their sins.

1 Peter 3:18 For Christ died for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring you to God.  He was put to death in the body but made alive by the Spirit, 19 through whom also he went and preached to the spirits in prison 20 who disobeyed long ago when God waited patiently in the days of Noah while the ark was being built.  In it only a few people, eight in all, were saved through water, 21 and this water symbolizes baptism that now saves you also—not the removal of dirt from the body but the pledge of a good conscience toward God. It saves you by the resurrection of Jesus Christ, 22 who has gone into heaven and is at God’s right hand —with angels, authorities and powers in submission to him.

Jesus: Symbol of The New Israel

Hosea 11:1
“When Israel was a child, I loved him, and out of Egypt I called my son.”

Matthew 2:15
..where he stayed until the death of Herod. And so was fulfilled what the Lord had said through the prophet: “Out of Egypt I called my son.”

Just as Israel passed through the Red Sea, Jesus passed on through baptism. Just as directly after the Red Sea, Israel went into the desert for 40 years, Jesus passed into the desert for 40 days. Israel failed when it was tempted; Jesus did not.

The New Moses

Deuteronomy 18:15
The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your own brothers. You must listen to him.

Acts 3:22
For Moses said, ‘The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your own people; you must listen to everything he tells you.

Acts 7:37
This is that Moses who told the Israelites, ‘God will send you a prophet like me from your own people.’

Just as Moses was a deliverer and prophet to the people of Israel, Jesus was the savior and prophet to Israel and yet his salvation went to the whole world. He is better than Moses in this regard; more powerful.

There are a New set of Twelve Tribes

(the 12 tribes will be judged by the 12 apostles)
Matthew 19:28
 Jesus said to them, “I tell you the truth, at the renewal of all things, when the Son of Man sits on his glorious throne, you who have followed me will also sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.”

Those who came to Christ through the teaching of the apostles can also be called adopted tribes of Israel.

(How can we be Israel?)
Romans 2:29
No, a man is a Jew if he is one inwardly; and circumcision is circumcision of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the written code. Such a man’s praise is not from men, but from God.

Romans 11:
11 Again I ask: Did they stumble so as to fall beyond recovery? Not at all!  Rather, because of their transgression, salvation has come to the Gentiles to make Israel envious. 12 But if their transgression means riches for the world, and their loss means riches for the Gentiles, how much greater riches will their fullness bring!

13 I am talking to you Gentiles. Inasmuch as I am the apostle to the Gentiles, I make much of my ministry 14 in the hope that I may somehow arouse my own people to envy and save some of them. 15 For if their rejection is the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?

New High Priest
Hebrews 4:14 Therefore, since we have a great high priest who has gone through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold firmly to the faith we profess.

New Law and Covenant

Paul juxtaposes the old law with the new law:

Romans 8:2 because through Christ Jesus the law of the Spirit of life set me free from the law of sin and death.

New Covenant is shown here in the words of Jeremiah and Jesus:

Jeremiah 31:31
 “The time is coming,” declares the LORD, “when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah….”

Luke 22:20
In the same way, after the supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you….”

c.f.
2 Corinthians 3:6
He has made us competent as ministers of a new covenant—not of the letter but of the Spirit; for the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life.

The Full Revelation of God the Father

If you want to know what the Father is like, look to the Son.

John 14:9
Jesus answered: “Don’t you know me, Philip, even after I have been among you such a long time? Anyone who has seen me has seen the Father. How can you say, ‘Show us the Father’?

John 10:30
I and the Father are one.

Col 1:15
He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn over all creation.

Col 1:19
For God was pleased to have all his fullness dwell in him,

Col 2:9
For in Christ all the fullness of the Deity lives in bodily form,